Japan Ppt

Japan

Geography Japan is an archipelago, or a chain of islands It is a small country, about the size of Montana, but ranks 7 th in the world in total population with 127,000,000 people Tokyo is the capital city Excellent fishing waters, key resource Lacks many key natural resources, especially minerals and metals which means Japan relies heavily on trade Very mountainous, little productive farmland Located on the ring of fire, Japan experiences many earthquakes

Japan is an archipelago, or a chain of islands

It is a small country, about the size of Montana, but ranks 7 th in the world in total population with 127,000,000 people

Tokyo is the capital city

Excellent fishing waters, key resource

Lacks many key natural resources, especially minerals and metals which means Japan relies heavily on trade

Very mountainous, little productive farmland

Located on the ring of fire, Japan experiences many earthquakes

Map of Japan

Influence from China Buddhism and Chinese culture was introduced to the Japanese beginning around 500 Adopted Chinese written language Borrowed many ideas on government and the ideas of Confucius Art, music, literature, dress, and farming methods were also borrowed from the Chinese

Buddhism and Chinese culture was introduced to the Japanese beginning around 500

Adopted Chinese written language

Borrowed many ideas on government and the ideas of Confucius

Art, music, literature, dress, and farming methods were also borrowed from the Chinese

Feudalism New system of government that emerged as a result of political turmoil in Japan Under this system local lords ruled the land, but owed loyalty to higher lords and the emperor Emperor – hereditary position with no real power Shogun - powerful military commander Daimyo – powerful landowning nobility Samurai – warriors Peasants, artisans, merchants – majority of the population that make up the lowest social classes Resulted in frequent warfare

New system of government that emerged as a result of political turmoil in Japan

Under this system local lords ruled the land, but owed loyalty to higher lords and the emperor

Emperor – hereditary position with no real power

Shogun - powerful military commander

Daimyo – powerful landowning nobility

Samurai – warriors

Peasants, artisans, merchants – majority of the population that make up the lowest social classes

Resulted in frequent warfare

Feudal Structure

Tokugawa Shogunate Centralized the system of feudalism, bringing the daimyo under their control Lasting from about 1600-1870, the shoguns created a peaceful and orderly society Japan was becoming a unified nation Peace allowed Japan to build roads, bridges, and harbors, cities and towns sprang up, and the economy improved

Centralized the system of feudalism, bringing the daimyo under their control

Lasting from about 1600-1870, the shoguns created a peaceful and orderly society

Japan was becoming a unified nation

Peace allowed Japan to build roads, bridges, and harbors, cities and towns sprang up, and the economy improved

Isolation Japan is an island nation, naturally isolated from the rest of Asia During the 1600’s, the Japanese banned all foreigners from entering the country Any Japanese who left the country could not return The government even outlawed the building of oceangoing ships In 1853, the US sent a fleet commanded by Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan to open up its ports to foreign trade Unequal treaties, such as the Treaty of Kanagawa made Japanese ports open to western nations

Japan is an island nation, naturally isolated from the rest of Asia

During the 1600’s, the Japanese banned all foreigners from entering the country

Any Japanese who left the country could not return

The government even outlawed the building of oceangoing ships

In 1853, the US sent a fleet commanded by Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan to open up its ports to foreign trade

Unequal treaties, such as the Treaty of Kanagawa made Japanese ports open to western nations

Religion Shinto – believe that all living and non-living things contain spirits, or kami. Linked people to the forces of nature Buddhism – arrived in Japan as a result of cultural diffusion. Divided into different sects, including Zen Buddhism Confucianism – Strong emphasis placed on the principles of filial piety (loyalty to parents) and loyalty to the ruler Many Japanese practice both Buddhism and Shinto

Shinto – believe that all living and non-living things contain spirits, or kami. Linked people to the forces of nature

Buddhism – arrived in Japan as a result of cultural diffusion. Divided into different sects, including Zen Buddhism

Confucianism – Strong emphasis placed on the principles of filial piety (loyalty to parents) and loyalty to the ruler

Many Japanese practice both Buddhism and Shinto

Meiji Restoration The Japanese felt that the shogun had shown weakness in allowing foreigners to enter into treaties with Japan The daimyo and samurai led a rebellion that restored the emperor to power in Japan The period from 1868-1912 is known as the Meiji Restoration During this time the emperor made many changes that would change Japan forever

The Japanese felt that the shogun had shown weakness in allowing foreigners to enter into treaties with Japan

The daimyo and samurai led a rebellion that restored the emperor to power in Japan

The period from 1868-1912 is known as the Meiji Restoration

During this time the emperor made many changes that would change Japan forever

Reforms of the Meiji Restoration Borrowing from the west – members of the government traveled abroad to learn about western government, economies, technology, and customs Economic development – developed industry, built factories, improved ports, built roads, urbanization Strong Central Government – a constitution gave the emperor autocratic power and created a two house legislature, one of which was elected. Voting rights were limited. Military power – modern army and a strong navy

Borrowing from the west – members of the government traveled abroad to learn about western government, economies, technology, and customs

Economic development – developed industry, built factories, improved ports, built roads, urbanization

Strong Central Government – a constitution gave the emperor autocratic power and created a two house legislature, one of which was elected. Voting rights were limited.

Military power – modern army and a strong navy

Growth of Nationalism By 1900, Japan had become a modern industrialized nation Japan competed with both the Chinese and Russians for influence in Korea. In 1895, Japan easily defeated China and in 1904-1905 Japan defeated Russia, stunning the western world. When the Great Depression hit, Japan was also effected because of their reliance on trade Extreme Nationalists argued that the Japanese should continue there overseas expansion and a military dictatorship began to emerge

By 1900, Japan had become a modern industrialized nation

Japan competed with both the Chinese and Russians for influence in Korea. In 1895, Japan easily defeated China and in 1904-1905 Japan defeated Russia, stunning the western world.

When the Great Depression hit, Japan was also effected because of their reliance on trade

Extreme Nationalists argued that the Japanese should continue there overseas expansion and a military dictatorship began to emerge

World War II In 1937, the Japanese launched a major drive into China and other parts of southeast Asia (territorial expansion) China was source for raw materials and a market for Japanese goods While Japan was invading China, Germany and Italy had taken aggressive actions in Europe, sparking WWII In 1940, Japan joined an alliance known as the axis powers with Germany and Italy Their opponents, the allied powers, included Britain, France, and Russia

In 1937, the Japanese launched a major drive into China and other parts of southeast Asia (territorial expansion)

China was source for raw materials and a market for Japanese goods

While Japan was invading China, Germany and Italy had taken aggressive actions in Europe, sparking WWII

In 1940, Japan joined an alliance known as the axis powers with Germany and Italy

Their opponents, the allied powers, included Britain, France, and Russia

War with the United States The US responded to Japanese aggression by cutting off exports to Japan While Japanese diplomats negotiated with the United States to avoid war, they were also secretly planning to attack the United States Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor On December 7, 1941, Japanese planes bombed pearl harbor destroying eight battleships and killing 2,500 Americans

The US responded to Japanese aggression by cutting off exports to Japan

While Japanese diplomats negotiated with the United States to avoid war, they were also secretly planning to attack the United States Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor

On December 7, 1941, Japanese planes bombed pearl harbor destroying eight battleships and killing 2,500 Americans

War in the Pacific Japan conquered Hong Kong and much of southeast Asia The conquests gave Japan much needed raw materials, including rubber, oil, and tin Allied forces slowed down the advancing Japanese and slowly turned the tide, forcing the Japanese to retreat from one island after another in what became known as island hopping From island bases in the Pacific, the US began bombing Japanese cities American submarines destroyed Japanese ships carrying supplies to Japan

Japan conquered Hong Kong and much of southeast Asia

The conquests gave Japan much needed raw materials, including rubber, oil, and tin

Allied forces slowed down the advancing Japanese and slowly turned the tide, forcing the Japanese to retreat from one island after another in what became known as island hopping

From island bases in the Pacific, the US began bombing Japanese cities

American submarines destroyed Japanese ships carrying supplies to Japan

Defeat After the defeat of Germany and Italy, the allies called on Japan to surrender Japan refused On August 6, 1945 an American Bomber, the Enola Gay, dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima killing 80,000 people Still, the Japanese refused to surrender On August 9, 1945 another bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, killing 40,000 Finally, on August 14, Japan surrendered

After the defeat of Germany and Italy, the allies called on Japan to surrender

Japan refused

On August 6, 1945 an American Bomber, the Enola Gay, dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima killing 80,000 people

Still, the Japanese refused to surrender

On August 9, 1945 another bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, killing 40,000

Finally, on August 14, Japan surrendered

WW II Video Clips Pearl Harbor Hiroshima

Pearl Harbor

Hiroshima

Hiroshima before the bombing

Hiroshima after the bombing

Hiroshima after the bombing

Japan Today Traditional family relationships are still very much present in Japanese society Western styles and culture have a strong influence in Japan Powerful, modern economy especially in high tech areas (automobiles, computers, electronics) Relies heavily on imports from other nations, especially energy resources Close trade relationship with United States Representative democracy Very strong educational system has encouraged growth and development in the economy

Traditional family relationships are still very much present in Japanese society

Western styles and culture have a strong influence in Japan

Powerful, modern economy especially in high tech areas (automobiles, computers, electronics)

Relies heavily on imports from other nations, especially energy resources

Close trade relationship with United States

Representative democracy

Very strong educational system has encouraged growth and development in the economy

Japanese Culture Tea Ceremony – Zen Buddhist tradition Haiku – popular form of poetry that consists of only 17 syllables. It is divided into lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables Kabuki Theatre – a form of theatre that often was full of drama and dealt with themes like love and revenge

Tea Ceremony – Zen Buddhist tradition

Haiku – popular form of poetry that consists of only 17 syllables. It is divided into lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables

Kabuki Theatre – a form of theatre that often was full of drama and dealt with themes like love and revenge

Kabuki Theatre

Haiku’s As the wind does blow Across the trees, I see the Buds blooming in May Falling to the ground, I watch a leaf settle down In a bed of brown.