Published on March 26, 2008
Author: rhalter
Source: slideshare.net
Japan
Geography Japan is an archipelago, or a chain of islands It is a small country, about the size of Montana, but ranks 7 th in the world in total population with 127,000,000 people Tokyo is the capital city Excellent fishing waters, key resource Lacks many key natural resources, especially minerals and metals which means Japan relies heavily on trade Very mountainous, little productive farmland Located on the ring of fire, Japan experiences many earthquakes
Japan is an archipelago, or a chain of islands
It is a small country, about the size of Montana, but ranks 7 th in the world in total population with 127,000,000 people
Tokyo is the capital city
Excellent fishing waters, key resource
Lacks many key natural resources, especially minerals and metals which means Japan relies heavily on trade
Very mountainous, little productive farmland
Located on the ring of fire, Japan experiences many earthquakes
Map of Japan
Influence from China Buddhism and Chinese culture was introduced to the Japanese beginning around 500 Adopted Chinese written language Borrowed many ideas on government and the ideas of Confucius Art, music, literature, dress, and farming methods were also borrowed from the Chinese
Buddhism and Chinese culture was introduced to the Japanese beginning around 500
Adopted Chinese written language
Borrowed many ideas on government and the ideas of Confucius
Art, music, literature, dress, and farming methods were also borrowed from the Chinese
Feudalism New system of government that emerged as a result of political turmoil in Japan Under this system local lords ruled the land, but owed loyalty to higher lords and the emperor Emperor – hereditary position with no real power Shogun - powerful military commander Daimyo – powerful landowning nobility Samurai – warriors Peasants, artisans, merchants – majority of the population that make up the lowest social classes Resulted in frequent warfare
New system of government that emerged as a result of political turmoil in Japan
Under this system local lords ruled the land, but owed loyalty to higher lords and the emperor
Emperor – hereditary position with no real power
Shogun - powerful military commander
Daimyo – powerful landowning nobility
Samurai – warriors
Peasants, artisans, merchants – majority of the population that make up the lowest social classes
Resulted in frequent warfare
Feudal Structure
Tokugawa Shogunate Centralized the system of feudalism, bringing the daimyo under their control Lasting from about 1600-1870, the shoguns created a peaceful and orderly society Japan was becoming a unified nation Peace allowed Japan to build roads, bridges, and harbors, cities and towns sprang up, and the economy improved
Centralized the system of feudalism, bringing the daimyo under their control
Lasting from about 1600-1870, the shoguns created a peaceful and orderly society
Japan was becoming a unified nation
Peace allowed Japan to build roads, bridges, and harbors, cities and towns sprang up, and the economy improved
Isolation Japan is an island nation, naturally isolated from the rest of Asia During the 1600’s, the Japanese banned all foreigners from entering the country Any Japanese who left the country could not return The government even outlawed the building of oceangoing ships In 1853, the US sent a fleet commanded by Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan to open up its ports to foreign trade Unequal treaties, such as the Treaty of Kanagawa made Japanese ports open to western nations
Japan is an island nation, naturally isolated from the rest of Asia
During the 1600’s, the Japanese banned all foreigners from entering the country
Any Japanese who left the country could not return
The government even outlawed the building of oceangoing ships
In 1853, the US sent a fleet commanded by Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan to open up its ports to foreign trade
Unequal treaties, such as the Treaty of Kanagawa made Japanese ports open to western nations
Religion Shinto – believe that all living and non-living things contain spirits, or kami. Linked people to the forces of nature Buddhism – arrived in Japan as a result of cultural diffusion. Divided into different sects, including Zen Buddhism Confucianism – Strong emphasis placed on the principles of filial piety (loyalty to parents) and loyalty to the ruler Many Japanese practice both Buddhism and Shinto
Shinto – believe that all living and non-living things contain spirits, or kami. Linked people to the forces of nature
Buddhism – arrived in Japan as a result of cultural diffusion. Divided into different sects, including Zen Buddhism
Confucianism – Strong emphasis placed on the principles of filial piety (loyalty to parents) and loyalty to the ruler
Many Japanese practice both Buddhism and Shinto
Meiji Restoration The Japanese felt that the shogun had shown weakness in allowing foreigners to enter into treaties with Japan The daimyo and samurai led a rebellion that restored the emperor to power in Japan The period from 1868-1912 is known as the Meiji Restoration During this time the emperor made many changes that would change Japan forever
The Japanese felt that the shogun had shown weakness in allowing foreigners to enter into treaties with Japan
The daimyo and samurai led a rebellion that restored the emperor to power in Japan
The period from 1868-1912 is known as the Meiji Restoration
During this time the emperor made many changes that would change Japan forever
Reforms of the Meiji Restoration Borrowing from the west – members of the government traveled abroad to learn about western government, economies, technology, and customs Economic development – developed industry, built factories, improved ports, built roads, urbanization Strong Central Government – a constitution gave the emperor autocratic power and created a two house legislature, one of which was elected. Voting rights were limited. Military power – modern army and a strong navy
Borrowing from the west – members of the government traveled abroad to learn about western government, economies, technology, and customs
Economic development – developed industry, built factories, improved ports, built roads, urbanization
Strong Central Government – a constitution gave the emperor autocratic power and created a two house legislature, one of which was elected. Voting rights were limited.
Military power – modern army and a strong navy
Growth of Nationalism By 1900, Japan had become a modern industrialized nation Japan competed with both the Chinese and Russians for influence in Korea. In 1895, Japan easily defeated China and in 1904-1905 Japan defeated Russia, stunning the western world. When the Great Depression hit, Japan was also effected because of their reliance on trade Extreme Nationalists argued that the Japanese should continue there overseas expansion and a military dictatorship began to emerge
By 1900, Japan had become a modern industrialized nation
Japan competed with both the Chinese and Russians for influence in Korea. In 1895, Japan easily defeated China and in 1904-1905 Japan defeated Russia, stunning the western world.
When the Great Depression hit, Japan was also effected because of their reliance on trade
Extreme Nationalists argued that the Japanese should continue there overseas expansion and a military dictatorship began to emerge
World War II In 1937, the Japanese launched a major drive into China and other parts of southeast Asia (territorial expansion) China was source for raw materials and a market for Japanese goods While Japan was invading China, Germany and Italy had taken aggressive actions in Europe, sparking WWII In 1940, Japan joined an alliance known as the axis powers with Germany and Italy Their opponents, the allied powers, included Britain, France, and Russia
In 1937, the Japanese launched a major drive into China and other parts of southeast Asia (territorial expansion)
China was source for raw materials and a market for Japanese goods
While Japan was invading China, Germany and Italy had taken aggressive actions in Europe, sparking WWII
In 1940, Japan joined an alliance known as the axis powers with Germany and Italy
Their opponents, the allied powers, included Britain, France, and Russia
War with the United States The US responded to Japanese aggression by cutting off exports to Japan While Japanese diplomats negotiated with the United States to avoid war, they were also secretly planning to attack the United States Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor On December 7, 1941, Japanese planes bombed pearl harbor destroying eight battleships and killing 2,500 Americans
The US responded to Japanese aggression by cutting off exports to Japan
While Japanese diplomats negotiated with the United States to avoid war, they were also secretly planning to attack the United States Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor
On December 7, 1941, Japanese planes bombed pearl harbor destroying eight battleships and killing 2,500 Americans
War in the Pacific Japan conquered Hong Kong and much of southeast Asia The conquests gave Japan much needed raw materials, including rubber, oil, and tin Allied forces slowed down the advancing Japanese and slowly turned the tide, forcing the Japanese to retreat from one island after another in what became known as island hopping From island bases in the Pacific, the US began bombing Japanese cities American submarines destroyed Japanese ships carrying supplies to Japan
Japan conquered Hong Kong and much of southeast Asia
The conquests gave Japan much needed raw materials, including rubber, oil, and tin
Allied forces slowed down the advancing Japanese and slowly turned the tide, forcing the Japanese to retreat from one island after another in what became known as island hopping
From island bases in the Pacific, the US began bombing Japanese cities
American submarines destroyed Japanese ships carrying supplies to Japan
Defeat After the defeat of Germany and Italy, the allies called on Japan to surrender Japan refused On August 6, 1945 an American Bomber, the Enola Gay, dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima killing 80,000 people Still, the Japanese refused to surrender On August 9, 1945 another bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, killing 40,000 Finally, on August 14, Japan surrendered
After the defeat of Germany and Italy, the allies called on Japan to surrender
Japan refused
On August 6, 1945 an American Bomber, the Enola Gay, dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima killing 80,000 people
Still, the Japanese refused to surrender
On August 9, 1945 another bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, killing 40,000
Finally, on August 14, Japan surrendered
WW II Video Clips Pearl Harbor Hiroshima
Pearl Harbor
Hiroshima
Hiroshima before the bombing
Hiroshima after the bombing
Hiroshima after the bombing
Japan Today Traditional family relationships are still very much present in Japanese society Western styles and culture have a strong influence in Japan Powerful, modern economy especially in high tech areas (automobiles, computers, electronics) Relies heavily on imports from other nations, especially energy resources Close trade relationship with United States Representative democracy Very strong educational system has encouraged growth and development in the economy
Traditional family relationships are still very much present in Japanese society
Western styles and culture have a strong influence in Japan
Powerful, modern economy especially in high tech areas (automobiles, computers, electronics)
Relies heavily on imports from other nations, especially energy resources
Close trade relationship with United States
Representative democracy
Very strong educational system has encouraged growth and development in the economy
Japanese Culture Tea Ceremony – Zen Buddhist tradition Haiku – popular form of poetry that consists of only 17 syllables. It is divided into lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables Kabuki Theatre – a form of theatre that often was full of drama and dealt with themes like love and revenge
Tea Ceremony – Zen Buddhist tradition
Haiku – popular form of poetry that consists of only 17 syllables. It is divided into lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables
Kabuki Theatre – a form of theatre that often was full of drama and dealt with themes like love and revenge
Kabuki Theatre
Haiku’s As the wind does blow Across the trees, I see the Buds blooming in May Falling to the ground, I watch a leaf settle down In a bed of brown.
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